Web3.js API示例

Solana

鱼雪

Web3 API参考指南

@solana/web3.js库是一个涵盖Solana JSON RPC API的软件包。

您可以在这里找到@solana/web3.js库的完整文档。

一般

连接

连接用于与Solana JSON RPC进行交互。您可以使用连接来确认交易，获取账户信息等。

您可以通过定义JSON RPC集群终点和所需的承诺来创建连接。

一旦完成此操作，您可以使用此连接对象与任何Solana JSON RPC API 进行交互。

示例用法

const web3 = require("@solana/web3.js");
 
let connection = new web3.Connection(web3.clusterApiUrl("devnet"), "confirmed");
 
let slot = await connection.getSlot();
console.log(slot);
// 93186439
 
let blockTime = await connection.getBlockTime(slot);
console.log(blockTime);
// 1630747045
 
let block = await connection.getBlock(slot);
console.log(block);
 
/*
{
    blockHeight: null,
    blockTime: 1630747045,
    blockhash: 'AsFv1aV5DGip9YJHHqVjrGg6EKk55xuyxn2HeiN9xQyn',
    parentSlot: 93186438,
    previousBlockhash: '11111111111111111111111111111111',
    rewards: [],
    transactions: []
}
*/
 
let slotLeader = await connection.getSlotLeader();
console.log(slotLeader);
//49AqLYbpJYc2DrzGUAH1fhWJy62yxBxpLEkfJwjKy2jr

上面的示例仅显示了 Connection 上的一些方法。请参阅生成的文档以获取完整列表。

交易

交易用于与Solana区块链上的程序进行交互。

这些交易使用TransactionInstructions构建，其中包含所有可能进行交互的账户，以及任何所需的数据或程序地址。

每个TransactionInstruction 包括键、数据和程序ID。

您可以在单个交易中执行多个指令，同时与多个程序进行交互。

示例用法

const web3 = require("@solana/web3.js");
const nacl = require("tweetnacl");
 
// Airdrop SOL for paying transactions
let payer = web3.Keypair.generate();
let connection = new web3.Connection(web3.clusterApiUrl("devnet"), "confirmed");
 
let airdropSignature = await connection.requestAirdrop(
  payer.publicKey,
  web3.LAMPORTS_PER_SOL,
);
 
await connection.confirmTransaction({ signature: airdropSignature });
 
let toAccount = web3.Keypair.generate();
 
// Create Simple Transaction
let transaction = new web3.Transaction();
 
// Add an instruction to execute
transaction.add(
  web3.SystemProgram.transfer({
    fromPubkey: payer.publicKey,
    toPubkey: toAccount.publicKey,
    lamports: 1000,
  }),
);
 
// Send and confirm transaction
// Note: feePayer is by default the first signer, or payer, if the parameter is not set
await web3.sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection, transaction, [payer]);
 
// Alternatively, manually construct the transaction
let recentBlockhash = await connection.getRecentBlockhash();
let manualTransaction = new web3.Transaction({
  recentBlockhash: recentBlockhash.blockhash,
  feePayer: payer.publicKey,
});
manualTransaction.add(
  web3.SystemProgram.transfer({
    fromPubkey: payer.publicKey,
    toPubkey: toAccount.publicKey,
    lamports: 1000,
  }),
);
 
let transactionBuffer = manualTransaction.serializeMessage();
let signature = nacl.sign.detached(transactionBuffer, payer.secretKey);
 
manualTransaction.addSignature(payer.publicKey, signature);
 
let isVerifiedSignature = manualTransaction.verifySignatures();
console.log(`The signatures were verified: ${isVerifiedSignature}`);
 
// The signatures were verified: true
 
let rawTransaction = manualTransaction.serialize();
 
await web3.sendAndConfirmRawTransaction(connection, rawTransaction);

密钥对

密钥对用于在Solana内创建具有公钥和秘钥的帐户。

您可以生成密钥对，从种子生成，或者从秘钥创建。

示例用法

const { Keypair } = require("@solana/web3.js");
 
let account = Keypair.generate();
 
console.log(account.publicKey.toBase58());
console.log(account.secretKey);
 
// 2DVaHtcdTf7cm18Zm9VV8rKK4oSnjmTkKE6MiXe18Qsb
// Uint8Array(64) [
//   152,  43, 116, 211, 207,  41, 220,  33, 193, 168, 118,
//    24, 176,  83, 206, 132,  47, 194,   2, 203, 186, 131,
//   197, 228, 156, 170, 154,  41,  56,  76, 159, 124,  18,
//    14, 247,  32, 210,  51, 102,  41,  43,  21,  12, 170,
//   166, 210, 195, 188,  60, 220, 210,  96, 136, 158,   6,
//   205, 189, 165, 112,  32, 200, 116, 164, 234
// ]
 
let seed = Uint8Array.from([
  70, 60, 102, 100, 70, 60, 102, 100, 70, 60, 102, 100, 70, 60, 102, 100, 70,
  60, 102, 100, 70, 60, 102, 100, 70, 60, 102, 100, 70, 60, 102, 100,
]);
let accountFromSeed = Keypair.fromSeed(seed);
 
console.log(accountFromSeed.publicKey.toBase58());
console.log(accountFromSeed.secretKey);
 
// 3LDverZtSC9Duw2wyGC1C38atMG49toPNW9jtGJiw9Ar
// Uint8Array(64) [
//    70,  60, 102, 100,  70,  60, 102, 100,  70,  60, 102,
//   100,  70,  60, 102, 100,  70,  60, 102, 100,  70,  60,
//   102, 100,  70,  60, 102, 100,  70,  60, 102, 100,  34,
//   164,   6,  12,   9, 193, 196,  30, 148, 122, 175,  11,
//    28, 243, 209,  82, 240, 184,  30,  31,  56, 223, 236,
//   227,  60,  72, 215,  47, 208, 209, 162,  59
// ]
 
let accountFromSecret = Keypair.fromSecretKey(account.secretKey);
 
console.log(accountFromSecret.publicKey.toBase58());
console.log(accountFromSecret.secretKey);
 
// 2DVaHtcdTf7cm18Zm9VV8rKK4oSnjmTkKE6MiXe18Qsb
// Uint8Array(64) [
//   152,  43, 116, 211, 207,  41, 220,  33, 193, 168, 118,
//    24, 176,  83, 206, 132,  47, 194,   2, 203, 186, 131,
//   197, 228, 156, 170, 154,  41,  56,  76, 159, 124,  18,
//    14, 247,  32, 210,  51, 102,  41,  43,  21,  12, 170,
//   166, 210, 195, 188,  60, 220, 210,  96, 136, 158,   6,
//   205, 189, 165, 112,  32, 200, 116, 164, 234
// ]

使用 generate 生成一个随机的 Keypair 以在 Solana 上用作账户。

使用 fromSeed，您可以使用确定性构造函数生成一个 Keypair。

fromSecret 从一个秘密的 Uint8array 创建一个 Keypair。

您可以看到 generate Keypair 和 fromSecret Keypair 的 publicKey 是相同的，因为 generate Keypair 中的秘密被用于 fromSecret。

注意

除非您使用高熵生成种子，否则不要使用 fromSeed。不要分享您的种子。将种子视为私钥对待。

PublicKey

PublicKey 在 @solana/web3.js 中被用于交易、密钥对和程序。

在交易中列出每个账户和作为 Solana 上的通用标识符时，您需要公钥。

公钥可以使用 base58 编码的字符串、缓冲区、Uint8Array、数字和数字数组进行创建。

示例用法

const { Buffer } = require("buffer");
const web3 = require("@solana/web3.js");
const crypto = require("crypto");
 
// Create a PublicKey with a base58 encoded string
let base58publicKey = new web3.PublicKey(
  "5xot9PVkphiX2adznghwrAuxGs2zeWisNSxMW6hU6Hkj",
);
console.log(base58publicKey.toBase58());
 
// 5xot9PVkphiX2adznghwrAuxGs2zeWisNSxMW6hU6Hkj
 
// Create a Program Address
let highEntropyBuffer = crypto.randomBytes(31);
let programAddressFromKey = await web3.PublicKey.createProgramAddress(
  [highEntropyBuffer.slice(0, 31)],
  base58publicKey,
);
console.log(`Generated Program Address: ${programAddressFromKey.toBase58()}`);
 
// Generated Program Address: 3thxPEEz4EDWHNxo1LpEpsAxZryPAHyvNVXJEJWgBgwJ
 
// Find Program address given a PublicKey
let validProgramAddress = await web3.PublicKey.findProgramAddress(
  [Buffer.from("", "utf8")],
  programAddressFromKey,
);
console.log(`Valid Program Address: ${validProgramAddress}`);
 
// Valid Program Address: C14Gs3oyeXbASzwUpqSymCKpEyccfEuSe8VRar9vJQRE,253

系统程序

SystemProgram 允许创建帐户、分配帐户数据、将帐户分配给程序、处理 nonce 帐户以及传输 lamports。

您可以使用 SystemInstruction 类来帮助解码和阅读单个指令

示例用法

const web3 = require("@solana/web3.js");
 
// Airdrop SOL for paying transactions
let payer = web3.Keypair.generate();
let connection = new web3.Connection(web3.clusterApiUrl("devnet"), "confirmed");
 
let airdropSignature = await connection.requestAirdrop(
  payer.publicKey,
  web3.LAMPORTS_PER_SOL,
);
 
await connection.confirmTransaction({ signature: airdropSignature });
 
// Allocate Account Data
let allocatedAccount = web3.Keypair.generate();
let allocateInstruction = web3.SystemProgram.allocate({
  accountPubkey: allocatedAccount.publicKey,
  space: 100,
});
let transaction = new web3.Transaction().add(allocateInstruction);
 
await web3.sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection, transaction, [
  payer,
  allocatedAccount,
]);
 
// Create Nonce Account
let nonceAccount = web3.Keypair.generate();
let minimumAmountForNonceAccount =
  await connection.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(web3.NONCE_ACCOUNT_LENGTH);
let createNonceAccountTransaction = new web3.Transaction().add(
  web3.SystemProgram.createNonceAccount({
    fromPubkey: payer.publicKey,
    noncePubkey: nonceAccount.publicKey,
    authorizedPubkey: payer.publicKey,
    lamports: minimumAmountForNonceAccount,
  }),
);
 
await web3.sendAndConfirmTransaction(
  connection,
  createNonceAccountTransaction,
  [payer, nonceAccount],
);
 
// Advance nonce - Used to create transactions as an account custodian
let advanceNonceTransaction = new web3.Transaction().add(
  web3.SystemProgram.nonceAdvance({
    noncePubkey: nonceAccount.publicKey,
    authorizedPubkey: payer.publicKey,
  }),
);
 
await web3.sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection, advanceNonceTransaction, [
  payer,
]);
 
// Transfer lamports between accounts
let toAccount = web3.Keypair.generate();
 
let transferTransaction = new web3.Transaction().add(
  web3.SystemProgram.transfer({
    fromPubkey: payer.publicKey,
    toPubkey: toAccount.publicKey,
    lamports: 1000,
  }),
);
await web3.sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection, transferTransaction, [payer]);
 
// Assign a new account to a program
let programId = web3.Keypair.generate();
let assignedAccount = web3.Keypair.generate();
 
let assignTransaction = new web3.Transaction().add(
  web3.SystemProgram.assign({
    accountPubkey: assignedAccount.publicKey,
    programId: programId.publicKey,
  }),
);
 
await web3.sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection, assignTransaction, [
  payer,
  assignedAccount,
]);

Secp256k1Program

Secp256k1Program 用于验证 Secp256k1 签名，该签名被比特币和以太坊使用。

示例用法

const { keccak_256 } = require("js-sha3");
const web3 = require("@solana/web3.js");
const secp256k1 = require("secp256k1");
 
// Create a Ethereum Address from secp256k1
let secp256k1PrivateKey;
do {
  secp256k1PrivateKey = web3.Keypair.generate().secretKey.slice(0, 32);
} while (!secp256k1.privateKeyVerify(secp256k1PrivateKey));
 
let secp256k1PublicKey = secp256k1
  .publicKeyCreate(secp256k1PrivateKey, false)
  .slice(1);
 
let ethAddress =
  web3.Secp256k1Program.publicKeyToEthAddress(secp256k1PublicKey);
console.log(`Ethereum Address: 0x${ethAddress.toString("hex")}`);
 
// Ethereum Address: 0xadbf43eec40694eacf36e34bb5337fba6a2aa8ee
 
// Fund a keypair to create instructions
let fromPublicKey = web3.Keypair.generate();
let connection = new web3.Connection(web3.clusterApiUrl("devnet"), "confirmed");
 
let airdropSignature = await connection.requestAirdrop(
  fromPublicKey.publicKey,
  web3.LAMPORTS_PER_SOL,
);
 
await connection.confirmTransaction({ signature: airdropSignature });
 
// Sign Message with Ethereum Key
let plaintext = Buffer.from("string address");
let plaintextHash = Buffer.from(keccak_256.update(plaintext).digest());
let { signature, recid: recoveryId } = secp256k1.ecdsaSign(
  plaintextHash,
  secp256k1PrivateKey,
);
 
// Create transaction to verify the signature
let transaction = new Transaction().add(
  web3.Secp256k1Program.createInstructionWithEthAddress({
    ethAddress: ethAddress.toString("hex"),
    plaintext,
    signature,
    recoveryId,
  }),
);
 
// Transaction will succeed if the message is verified to be signed by the address
await web3.sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection, transaction, [fromPublicKey]);

消息

消息用作构造交易的另一种方式。

您可以使用交易中的账户、头部、指令和最近的区块哈希来构造消息。

交易是消息和执行交易所需的所需签名列表的总和。

示例用法

const { Buffer } = require("buffer");
const bs58 = require("bs58");
const web3 = require("@solana/web3.js");
 
let toPublicKey = web3.Keypair.generate().publicKey;
let fromPublicKey = web3.Keypair.generate();
 
let connection = new web3.Connection(web3.clusterApiUrl("devnet"), "confirmed");
 
let airdropSignature = await connection.requestAirdrop(
  fromPublicKey.publicKey,
  web3.LAMPORTS_PER_SOL,
);
 
await connection.confirmTransaction({ signature: airdropSignature });
 
let type = web3.SYSTEM_INSTRUCTION_LAYOUTS.Transfer;
let data = Buffer.alloc(type.layout.span);
let layoutFields = Object.assign({ instruction: type.index });
type.layout.encode(layoutFields, data);
 
let recentBlockhash = await connection.getRecentBlockhash();
 
let messageParams = {
  accountKeys: [
    fromPublicKey.publicKey.toString(),
    toPublicKey.toString(),
    web3.SystemProgram.programId.toString(),
  ],
  header: {
    numReadonlySignedAccounts: 0,
    numReadonlyUnsignedAccounts: 1,
    numRequiredSignatures: 1,
  },
  instructions: [
    {
      accounts: [0, 1],
      data: bs58.encode(data),
      programIdIndex: 2,
    },
  ],
  recentBlockhash,
};
 
let message = new web3.Message(messageParams);
 
let transaction = web3.Transaction.populate(message, [
  fromPublicKey.publicKey.toString(),
]);
 
await web3.sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection, transaction, [fromPublicKey]);

结构

结构类用于在 JavaScript 中创建与 Rust 兼容的结构体。

该类仅与 Borsh 编码的 Rust 结构体兼容。

示例用法

Rust中的结构体:

pub struct Fee {
    pub denominator: u64,
    pub numerator: u64,
}

使用web3:

import BN from "bn.js";
import { Struct } from "@solana/web3.js";
 
export class Fee extends Struct {
  denominator: BN;
  numerator: BN;
}

枚举

枚举类用于在 JavaScript 中表示与 Rust 兼容的枚举。

如果记录，该枚举将只是一个字符串表示，但在与 Struct 结合使用时，可以正常编码/解码。

该类仅与 Borsh 编码的 Rust 枚举兼容。

示例用法

Rust中的枚举:

pub enum AccountType {
    Uninitialized,
    StakePool,
    ValidatorList,
}

使用web3:

import { Enum } from "@solana/web3.js";
 
export class AccountType extends Enum {}

NonceAccount

通常情况下，如果交易的 recentBlockhash 字段过时，交易将被拒绝。

为了提供某些托管服务，使用 Nonce 账户。

通过 Nonce 账户在链上捕获 recentBlockhash 的交易不会过期，

只要 Nonce 账户未被推进。

您可以先创建一个普通账户，然后使用 SystemProgram 使账户成为 Nonce 账户来创建一个 nonce 账户。

示例用法

const web3 = require("@solana/web3.js");
 
// Create connection
let connection = new web3.Connection(web3.clusterApiUrl("devnet"), "confirmed");
 
// Generate accounts
let account = web3.Keypair.generate();
let nonceAccount = web3.Keypair.generate();
 
// Fund account
let airdropSignature = await connection.requestAirdrop(
  account.publicKey,
  web3.LAMPORTS_PER_SOL,
);
 
await connection.confirmTransaction({ signature: airdropSignature });
 
// Get Minimum amount for rent exemption
let minimumAmount = await connection.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(
  web3.NONCE_ACCOUNT_LENGTH,
);
 
// Form CreateNonceAccount transaction
let transaction = new web3.Transaction().add(
  web3.SystemProgram.createNonceAccount({
    fromPubkey: account.publicKey,
    noncePubkey: nonceAccount.publicKey,
    authorizedPubkey: account.publicKey,
    lamports: minimumAmount,
  }),
);
// Create Nonce Account
await web3.sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection, transaction, [
  account,
  nonceAccount,
]);
 
let nonceAccountData = await connection.getNonce(
  nonceAccount.publicKey,
  "confirmed",
);
 
console.log(nonceAccountData);
// NonceAccount {
//   authorizedPubkey: PublicKey {
//     _bn: <BN: 919981a5497e8f85c805547439ae59f607ea625b86b1138ea6e41a68ab8ee038>
//   },
//   nonce: '93zGZbhMmReyz4YHXjt2gHsvu5tjARsyukxD4xnaWaBq',
//   feeCalculator: { lamportsPerSignature: 5000 }
// }
 
let nonceAccountInfo = await connection.getAccountInfo(
  nonceAccount.publicKey,
  "confirmed",
);
 
let nonceAccountFromInfo = web3.NonceAccount.fromAccountData(
  nonceAccountInfo.data,
);
 
console.log(nonceAccountFromInfo);
// NonceAccount {
//   authorizedPubkey: PublicKey {
//     _bn: <BN: 919981a5497e8f85c805547439ae59f607ea625b86b1138ea6e41a68ab8ee038>
//   },
//   nonce: '93zGZbhMmReyz4YHXjt2gHsvu5tjARsyukxD4xnaWaBq',
//   feeCalculator: { lamportsPerSignature: 5000 }
// }

上述示例展示了如何使用 SystemProgram.createNonceAccount 创建 NonceAccount，以及如何从 accountInfo 中检索 NonceAccount。

使用 nonce，您可以创建将 nonce 替代最近的 blockhash 的离线交易。

VoteAccount

投票账户是一个对象，它授予从网络上的本地投票账户程序解码投票账户的能力。

示例用法

const web3 = require("@solana/web3.js");
 
let voteAccountInfo = await connection.getProgramAccounts(web3.VOTE_PROGRAM_ID);
let voteAccountFromData = web3.VoteAccount.fromAccountData(
  voteAccountInfo[0].account.data,
);
console.log(voteAccountFromData);
/*
VoteAccount {
  nodePubkey: PublicKey {
    _bn: <BN: cf1c635246d4a2ebce7b96bf9f44cacd7feed5552be3c714d8813c46c7e5ec02>
  },
  authorizedWithdrawer: PublicKey {
    _bn: <BN: b76ae0caa56f2b9906a37f1b2d4f8c9d2a74c1420cd9eebe99920b364d5cde54>
  },
  commission: 10,
  rootSlot: 104570885,
  votes: [
    { slot: 104570886, confirmationCount: 31 },
    { slot: 104570887, confirmationCount: 30 },
    { slot: 104570888, confirmationCount: 29 },
    { slot: 104570889, confirmationCount: 28 },
    { slot: 104570890, confirmationCount: 27 },
    { slot: 104570891, confirmationCount: 26 },
    { slot: 104570892, confirmationCount: 25 },
    { slot: 104570893, confirmationCount: 24 },
    { slot: 104570894, confirmationCount: 23 },
    ...
  ],
  authorizedVoters: [ { epoch: 242, authorizedVoter: [PublicKey] } ],
  priorVoters: [
      [Object], [Object], [Object],
      [Object], [Object], [Object],
      [Object], [Object], [Object],
      [Object], [Object], [Object],
      [Object], [Object], [Object],
      [Object], [Object], [Object],
      [Object], [Object], [Object],
      [Object], [Object], [Object],
      [Object], [Object], [Object],
      [Object], [Object], [Object],
      [Object], [Object]
   ],
  epochCredits: [
    { epoch: 179, credits: 33723163, prevCredits: 33431259 },
    { epoch: 180, credits: 34022643, prevCredits: 33723163 },
    { epoch: 181, credits: 34331103, prevCredits: 34022643 },
    { epoch: 182, credits: 34619348, prevCredits: 34331103 },
    { epoch: 183, credits: 34880375, prevCredits: 34619348 },
    { epoch: 184, credits: 35074055, prevCredits: 34880375 },
    { epoch: 185, credits: 35254965, prevCredits: 35074055 },
    { epoch: 186, credits: 35437863, prevCredits: 35254965 },
    { epoch: 187, credits: 35672671, prevCredits: 35437863 },
    { epoch: 188, credits: 35950286, prevCredits: 35672671 },
    { epoch: 189, credits: 36228439, prevCredits: 35950286 },
    ...
  ],
  lastTimestamp: { slot: 104570916, timestamp: 1635730116 }
}
*/

质押

StakeProgram

StakeProgram 便于质押 SOL 并将它们委托给网络上的任何验证器。

您可以使用 StakeProgram 创建一个质押账户，质押一些 SOL，授权账户用于提取质押金，停用您的质押，并提取您的资金。

StakeInstruction 类用于解码和阅读通过调用StakeProgram 的交易中的更多指令

示例用法

const web3 = require("@solana/web3.js");
 
// Fund a key to create transactions
let fromPublicKey = web3.Keypair.generate();
let connection = new web3.Connection(web3.clusterApiUrl("devnet"), "confirmed");
 
let airdropSignature = await connection.requestAirdrop(
  fromPublicKey.publicKey,
  web3.LAMPORTS_PER_SOL,
);
await connection.confirmTransaction({ signature: airdropSignature });
 
// Create Account
let stakeAccount = web3.Keypair.generate();
let authorizedAccount = web3.Keypair.generate();
/* Note: This is the minimum amount for a stake account -- Add additional Lamports for staking
    For example, we add 50 lamports as part of the stake */
let lamportsForStakeAccount =
  (await connection.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(
    web3.StakeProgram.space,
  )) + 50;
 
let createAccountTransaction = web3.StakeProgram.createAccount({
  fromPubkey: fromPublicKey.publicKey,
  authorized: new web3.Authorized(
    authorizedAccount.publicKey,
    authorizedAccount.publicKey,
  ),
  lamports: lamportsForStakeAccount,
  lockup: new web3.Lockup(0, 0, fromPublicKey.publicKey),
  stakePubkey: stakeAccount.publicKey,
});
await web3.sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection, createAccountTransaction, [
  fromPublicKey,
  stakeAccount,
]);
 
// Check that stake is available
let stakeBalance = await connection.getBalance(stakeAccount.publicKey);
console.log(`Stake balance: ${stakeBalance}`);
// Stake balance: 2282930
 
// We can verify the state of our stake. This may take some time to become active
let stakeState = await connection.getStakeActivation(stakeAccount.publicKey);
console.log(`Stake state: ${stakeState.state}`);
// Stake state: inactive
 
// To delegate our stake, we get the current vote accounts and choose the first
let voteAccounts = await connection.getVoteAccounts();
let voteAccount = voteAccounts.current.concat(voteAccounts.delinquent)[0];
let votePubkey = new web3.PublicKey(voteAccount.votePubkey);
 
// We can then delegate our stake to the voteAccount
let delegateTransaction = web3.StakeProgram.delegate({
  stakePubkey: stakeAccount.publicKey,
  authorizedPubkey: authorizedAccount.publicKey,
  votePubkey: votePubkey,
});
await web3.sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection, delegateTransaction, [
  fromPublicKey,
  authorizedAccount,
]);
 
// To withdraw our funds, we first have to deactivate the stake
let deactivateTransaction = web3.StakeProgram.deactivate({
  stakePubkey: stakeAccount.publicKey,
  authorizedPubkey: authorizedAccount.publicKey,
});
await web3.sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection, deactivateTransaction, [
  fromPublicKey,
  authorizedAccount,
]);
 
// Once deactivated, we can withdraw our funds
let withdrawTransaction = web3.StakeProgram.withdraw({
  stakePubkey: stakeAccount.publicKey,
  authorizedPubkey: authorizedAccount.publicKey,
  toPubkey: fromPublicKey.publicKey,
  lamports: stakeBalance,
});
 
await web3.sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection, withdrawTransaction, [
  fromPublicKey,
  authorizedAccount,
]);

授权

授权是在 Solana 中创建用于参与质押的授权账户时使用的对象。

您可以分别指定质押者和提取者，允许提取者与质押者不同的账户。

您可以在 StakeProgram 下找到对授权对象的更多用法。

锁定

锁定与StakeProgram一起使用，用于创建账户。

锁定用于确定抵押将被锁定多长时间，或无法检索。

如果锁定对纪元和Unix时间戳都设置为 0，则该抵押账户的锁定将被禁用。

示例用法

const {
  Authorized,
  Keypair,
  Lockup,
  StakeProgram,
} = require("@solana/web3.js");
 
let account = Keypair.generate();
let stakeAccount = Keypair.generate();
let authorized = new Authorized(account.publicKey, account.publicKey);
let lockup = new Lockup(0, 0, account.publicKey);
 
let createStakeAccountInstruction = StakeProgram.createAccount({
  fromPubkey: account.publicKey,
  authorized: authorized,
  lamports: 1000,
  lockup: lockup,
  stakePubkey: stakeAccount.publicKey,
});

上述代码创建了一个 createStakeAccountInstruction，用于创建一个与 StakeProgram 配合使用的账户。

锁定期限已设置为 0，包括时代和 Unix 时间戳，在账户中禁用锁定。

查看 StakeProgram 以获取更多信息。

Web3 API参考指南​

一般​

连接​

示例用法​

交易​

示例用法​

密钥对​

示例用法​

PublicKey​

示例用法​

系统程序​

示例用法​

Secp256k1Program​

示例用法​

消息​

示例用法​

结构​

示例用法​

枚举​

示例用法​

NonceAccount​

示例用法​

VoteAccount​

示例用法​

质押​

StakeProgram​

示例用法​

授权​

锁定​

示例用法​

Web3 API参考指南

一般

连接

示例用法

交易

示例用法

密钥对

示例用法

PublicKey

示例用法

系统程序

示例用法

Secp256k1Program

示例用法

消息

示例用法

结构

示例用法

枚举

示例用法

NonceAccount

示例用法

VoteAccount

示例用法

质押

StakeProgram

示例用法

授权

锁定

示例用法